以新冠疫情为理由拒签合同,这些情形不能免责!
发布日期:2022-05-10 09:59:44 浏览次数:19795
来源:政府采购信息网
作者:采购科
“某公开招标项目,3月28日评标出结果,3月29日中标结果公告,3月31日第一中标候选人以‘受新冠疫情影响,供货方技术人员被隔离’为由放弃中标,要求以不可抗力为正当理由免责,是否可行?”某采购人近期向《政府采购信息》报记者请教了这样一个问题。新冠肺炎疫情是拒签政府采购合同的正当理由吗?
天津市政府采购中心评标部部长王永锋认为,本案例的供应商需要有明确的佐证材料,还需要判断该技术人员被隔离是否会影响履约。虽然最高人民法院明确疫情或者疫情防控措施直接导致合同不能履行的,依法适用不可抗力的规定,需要注意这里的因为疫情或者疫情防控措施直接导致合同不能履行的前提,也就是并非所有拒签合同的情形都可以将新冠疫情作为拒签合同的正当理由免责。
北京齐致律师事务所律师马明德也认为,上述情形适用不可抗力比较牵强,因为新冠疫情已经持续两年多,各地基本进入疫情防控常态化。供应商应当承担举证疫情防控直接导致其不能履约的责任,否则不能滥用新冠疫情作为拒签合同的理由。
那么,何种情况下新冠疫情可以判定为不签合同的正当理由呢?政府采购信息报社创办社长、高级编辑刘亚利提醒,要警惕新冠疫情作为不可抗力滥用:“能否免责,要看疫情不可抗力事件对合同的实际履行是否有影响而定。只有当新冠疫情确实影响到合同正常履行,才能被视为不可抗力。”
在业界专家看来,本案例中,供应商如果了解到供货方技术人员可能被隔离,可以于开标前撤回投标申请,也可以另外聘请技术人员履约或延迟履约,而不是直接滥用新冠疫情不可抗力不签合同。对于疫情防控常态化后,部分地区散点暴发导致部分城市隔离、风控等措施导致作业地点无法进入,致使无法履约合同的,持当地政府实施防控措施的政策文件证明材料,可以按照最高人民法院《关于依法妥善审理涉新冠肺炎疫情民事案件若干问题的指导意见(一)》([2020]16号),经采购人同意可以延期履行。
刘亚利强调,新冠肺炎疫情在暴发之初属于不可抗力是确定无疑的,但是在新冠肺炎疫情防控常态化之后,就不能一概而论了。如果仅凭疫情防控的大环境,主张不签合同,则不应认定为不可抗力。因为新冠肺炎疫情已经开始了很长一段时间,供应商在参加政府采购活动时,应当尽到审慎义务,评估新冠肺炎疫情外部环境带来的履约风险。
标题:以新冠疫情为理由拒签合同,这些情形不能免责!。内容:<p style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: center; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br/></p><p style="margin-right: 20px; margin-left: 20px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; vertical-align: inherit; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 16px; font-family: PingFangSC-Light; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">“某公开招标项目,3月28日评标出结果,3月29日中标结果公告,3月31日第一中标候选人以‘受新冠疫情影响,供货方技术人员被隔离’为由放弃中标,要求以不可抗力为正当理由免责,是否可行?”某采购人近期向《政府采购信息》报记者请教了这样一个问题。新冠肺炎疫情是拒签政府采购合同的正当理由吗?</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); vertical-align: inherit; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-right: 20px; margin-left: 20px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; vertical-align: inherit; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">天津市政府采购中心评标部部长王永锋认为,本案例的供应商需要有明确的佐证材料,还需要判断该技术人员被隔离是否会影响履约。虽然最高人民法院明确疫情或者疫情防控措施直接导致合同不能履行的,依法适用不可抗力的规定,需要注意这里的因为疫情或者疫情防控措施直接导致合同不能履行的前提,也就是并非所有拒签合同的情形都可以将新冠疫情作为拒签合同的正当理由免责。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); vertical-align: inherit; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-right: 20px; margin-left: 20px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; vertical-align: inherit; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">北京齐致律师事务所律师马明德也认为,上述情形适用不可抗力比较牵强,因为新冠疫情已经持续两年多,各地基本进入疫情防控常态化。供应商应当承担举证疫情防控直接导致其不能履约的责任,否则不能滥用新冠疫情作为拒签合同的理由。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); vertical-align: inherit; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-right: 20px; margin-left: 20px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; vertical-align: inherit; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">那么,何种情况下新冠疫情可以判定为不签合同的正当理由呢?政府采购信息报社创办社长、高级编辑刘亚利提醒,要警惕新冠疫情作为不可抗力滥用:“能否免责,要看疫情不可抗力事件对合同的实际履行是否有影响而定。只有当新冠疫情确实影响到合同正常履行,才能被视为不可抗力。”</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); vertical-align: inherit; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-right: 20px; margin-left: 20px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; vertical-align: inherit; line-height: 2em; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 16px; visibility: visible; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">在业界专家看来,本案例中,供应商如果了解到供货方技术人员可能被隔离,可以于开标前撤回投标申请,也可以另外聘请技术人员履约或延迟履约,而不是直接滥用新冠疫情不可抗力不签合同。对于疫情防控常态化后,部分地区散点暴发导致部分城市隔离、风控等措施导致作业地点无法进入,致使无法履约合同的,持当地政府实施防控措施的政策文件证明材料,可以按照最高人民法院《关于依法妥善审理涉新冠肺炎疫情民事案件若干问题的指导意见(一)》([2020]16号),经采购人同意可以延期履行。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); vertical-align: inherit; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"/></p><p style="margin-right: 20px; margin-left: 20px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: medium; letter-spacing: 0.544px; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); text-align: justify; vertical-align: inherit; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; letter-spacing: 1px; font-size: 16px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">刘亚利强调,新冠肺炎疫情在暴发之初属于不可抗力是确定无疑的,但是在新冠肺炎疫情防控常态化之后,就不能一概而论了。如果仅凭疫情防控的大环境,主张不签合同,则不应认定为不可抗力。因为新冠肺炎疫情已经开始了很长一段时间,供应商在参加政府采购活动时,应当尽到审慎义务,评估新冠肺炎疫情外部环境带来的履约风险。</span></p><p><br/></p>