标题:五问五答 | “专门面向”的服务项目含有货物声明函为货物制造商的信息，有效吗？。内容:<p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, 宋体; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 2em;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3); font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;PingFang SC&quot;, &quot;Hiragino Sans GB&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei UI&quot;, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; letter-spacing: 0.544px;">董莹</span></p><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, 宋体; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); line-height: 2em; text-indent: 2em;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; color: rgb(31, 73, 125); font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;; font-size: 18px; text-indent: 2em; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">本文内容首发自“政府采购信息网”公众号</span></p><p><section style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, 宋体; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 微软雅黑, &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;; font-size: 18px; color: rgb(31, 73, 125);"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">未经书面授权不得转载</span></span></p></section></section><section style="box-sizing: border-box; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: &quot;Microsoft YaHei&quot;, 宋体; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><section style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">8月10日—11日，河北省保定市公共资源交易中心召开“公共资源交易重点工作安排暨政府采购和招投标业务知识培训会”，邀请政府采购信息报社社长、高级编辑刘亚利以及政府采购信息报社智库专家、高级顾问曹石林授课。在培训班的互动答疑环节，刘亚利解答了学员提出的疑难问题。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-size: 18px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">问题一：采购文件评分细则要求供应商提供一些协会颁发的证书和国际认证证书，比如五星级物业服务认证证书、中国教育装备行业协会会员证书、软件成熟度认证（CMMI）等，是否合规？</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">答：</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">首先，要看该证书是否与采购需求相关，与采购需求无关的证书不可以作为评分因素。其次，还要看证书的评定条件是否含有歧视中小企业的因素，比如对供应商的经营年限、注册资本、营业收入、从业人员等规模条件有限制。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">实际中，多数协会颁发的证书基本上都对中小企业有歧视，因此，一般不宜作为评审因素。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">关于国际认证证书，比如将CMMI证书列为评分项不合规。CMMI证书（全称为Capability Maturity Model Integration）中文名称为：软件能力成熟度模型集成，源于美国国防部1984年委托美国卡内基梅隆大学软件工程研究学院和美国国防工业协会共同进行的一项研究，用于评估国防部委托的外部软件公司的软件开发能力，后逐渐发展成为一种软件能力成熟度评估标准。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">首先，CMMI认证审核的是供应商已开发软件项目的技术资料文档，且全部按CMMI标准进行整理，不能由此判定与采购项目的采购需求相适应。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">其次，在全面优化政府采购营商环境的大背景下，对于非准入类证书，评分项设置尤其要谨慎。供应商申办CMMI认证需要花费十几万到几十万不等，三年到期还要重新评估，这笔费用对于中小企业来说是不小的成本，限制了中小软件企业参与政府采购活动。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">第三，CMMI证书属于国际认证证书，申办供应商须按其标准提供若干个软件开发项目上千个技术资料的核心文档供认证机构进行评估。在评估过程中，我国软件产业敏感信息有可能被认证机构直接获取，如果软件开发项目涉及关键信息基础设施，将威胁我国信息安全。同时，该项认证是否对于我国国内软件产品出口有促进作用，不得而知，因为目前尚未见到相关公开报道和统计分析。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">财政部国库司在答复网友留言时也明确表示（留言编号:1537-3647094）：“CMMI认证等未经国家认监委认定的境外机构所出具的认证或资质不宜作为评审因素。”</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">问题二：评审因素要求细化量化，我单位编制采购文件“服务方案”评分细则模式为：“每有一项内容完整且满足采购人需求的得2分，不满足不得分，满分8分”，如此设置是否符合要求？</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">答：</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">上述评分细则中“每有一项内容完整且满足采购人需求的得2分，不满足不得分，满分8分”属于评审标准没有量化。评审标准应有具体的描述和量化标准，否则，在评审过程中，评审专家的自由裁量权过大，违背了政府采购公平、公正原则。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">评审因素的细化量化，要把握五个要点。一是技术要求和商务要求应当客观，量化指标应当明确相应等次，有连续区间的按照区间划分等次；二是客观但不可量化的指标应当作为实质性要求，不得作为评分项；三是技术指标应是一个区间值而不能是一个固定值，否则极可能有指向性或者限制性；四是评审因素应避免非量化因素，不得以“好、较好、一般或优、良、中、差”等模糊概念作为评审标准；五是依据采购需求本身，即采购标的及客观的技术和商务要求来设置评审因素，而不能依据供应商的响应条件进行横向比较。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">对方案的要求实际上是对服务团队及其服务内容的要求，采购文件可以围绕团队岗位数量、业绩、职称等设置评审因素，采购人要特别注意与采购需求、合同履行相适应，不能存在限制性和歧视性。服务内容尽可能形成量化标准。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">问题三：竞争性磋商项目二次报价环节，如果供应商没有进行二次报价，是否可以用第一次报价作为二次报价？还是认为其为无效响应？</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">答：</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">首先要看第二次报价是否是最终报价，如果不是最终报价，那么供应商没有进行第二次报价不影响（前提是磋商文件没有规定每一次都必须报价，否则无效）。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果第二次报价是最终报价，供应商没有进行二次报价应当视为退出磋商，不能沿用第一次报价。如果因为该供应商的退出，导致该项目提交最后报价的供应商少于3家，采购人只能终止采购。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">问题四：专门面向中小企业的服务采购项目，采购标的涵盖部分货物，投标人提供的中小企业声明函中，中小企业的信息为货物制造商的信息，中小企业声明函是否有效？</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">答：</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果采购项目既有服务又有货物，采购人要对项目属性进行界定，项目属性界定依据为《政府采购品目分类目录》（财库〔2022〕31号，以下简称31号文），如果根据31号文无法界定，采购人可以按照有利于项目实施的原则界定项目属性。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">如果该项目界定为服务项目，服务的承接商应当为中小企业，不对其中涉及的货物的制造商作出要求，即声明函中中小企业的信息为供应商自己的信息。上述情况中小企业声明函应为无效。反之，若该项目界定为货物项目，货物应当由中小企业制造，不对其中涉及的服务的承接商作出要求，即声明函中中小企业的信息应是货物制造商的信息。</span></p><p style="padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><br style="box-sizing: border-box;"/></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">问题五：专门面向中小企业的货物采购项目，投标人在中小企业声明函中提供的货物制造商信息的真实性由谁负责？投标人只要提供了中小企业声明函就可认定为中小企业吗？</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px;"><span style="font-weight: 700; padding: 0px; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">答：</span></span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">供应商在中小企业声明函中提供的货物制造商信息的真实性应由供应商自己负责。</span></span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">财政部发布的《政府采购促进中小企业发展政策问答》中明确，供应商应当对其出具的《中小企业声明函》真实性负责，供应商出具的《中小企业声明函》内容不实的，属于提供虚假材料谋取中标，即使是制造商提供的信息不实，供应商仍然要对声明函的真实性负责。</span></p><p style="margin-top: 15px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; text-indent: 2em; line-height: 2em; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none; outline: 0px; font-family: 宋体, SimSun; font-size: 18px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">供应商是否享受扶持政策，中小企业声明函是唯一合法凭证，除了中小企业声明函，供应商不需要提供其他任何证明材料。《政府采购促进中小企业发展管理办法》（财库46号文）第十一条明确规定，任何单位和个人不得要求供应商提供《中小企业声明函》之外的中小企业身份证明文件。如果《中小企业声明函》为虚假或不实的，则应由采购人报财政部门予以相应处罚。</span></p></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></section></p><p><br/></p>